Contribution of Ibn Ṭufayl's Ḥayy ibn Yaqẓān to European Literature
Abstract
This article examines the contribution of Ibn Ṭufayl's Ḥayy ibn Yaqẓān to European literature. Through a thorough examination of the cultural exchange between Islamic and European societies, this paper highlights the significant impact of this Arabic literary work on the development of European literary traditions. By using descriptive-qualitative research methods and analyzing various literary sources, and exploring them, it can be found that Ḥayy ibn Yaqẓān inspired famous European literary works such as El Criticón by Baltasar Grácian, Simplicius Simplicissimus by Hans Jakob Christoffel von Grimmelshausen, Life and Strange Adventures of Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe, Voltaire by Candide, and Emile ou De l'éducation by Jean-Jacques Rousseau. The themes of alienation, natural education, intellectual development, and the search for wisdom depicted in "Ḥayy ibn Yaqẓān" resonate in the works of European writers, underscoring the enduring relevance of philosophical reflection and direct experience in shaping literary narratives. This paper contributes to a deeper understanding of the cross-cultural exchange of ideas and values through literature, enriching our appreciation of the interconnectedness of global intellectual heritage.
يتناول هذا المقال مساهمة "حي بن يقظان" لابن طفيل في الأدب الأوروبي. ومن خلال فحص شامل للتبادل الثقافي بين المجتمعات الإسلامية والأوروبية، يسلط هذا البحث الضوء على التأثير الكبير لهذا العمل الأدبي العربي على تطور التقاليد الأدبية الأوروبية. وباستخدام أساليب البحث الوصفي النوعي وتحليل المصادر الأدبية المختلفة واستكشافها، يمكن أن نجد أنحي بن يقظان ألهم أعمالًا أدبية أوروبية شهيرة مثل "الناقد" لبلتازار جراسيان، و"سيمبليسيوس سيمبليسيموس" لهانز جاكوب كريستوفيل فون جريميلسهاوزن، و"حياة ومغامرات روبنسون كروزو الغريبة" لدانيال ديفو، و"فولتير" لكانديد، و"إميل أو التربية" لجان جاك روسو. تتردد أصداء موضوعات الاغتراب والتعليم الطبيعي والتطور الفكري والبحث عن الحكمة التي صورتها "حي بن يقظان" في أعمال الكتاب الأوروبيين، مما يؤكد على الأهمية الدائمة للتأمل الفلسفي والخبرة المباشرة في تشكيل السرد الأدبي. تساهم هذه الورقة في فهم أعمق للتبادل الثقافي للأفكار والقيم من خلال الأدب، مما يثري تقديرنا للترابط بين التراث الفكري العالمي.
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